pH Calculator
pH Calculation Result
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This calculation uses the formula: pH = -log[H+]
H+ Concentration Calculation Result
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This calculation uses the formula: [H+] = 10^(-pH)
pOH Calculation Result
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This calculation uses the formula: pOH = -log[OH-]
pH Calculation Result
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This calculation uses the relationship: pH + pOH = 14 at 25°C
pH of Strong Acid/Base Calculation Result
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For strong acids: [H+] = concentration
For strong bases: [OH-] = concentration
pH of Weak Acid/Base Calculation Result
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For weak acids: [H+] = √(Ka × concentration)
For weak bases: [OH-] = √(Kb × concentration)
Buffer pH Calculation Result
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This calculation uses the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA])
About pH Calculations
pH is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. Here are some key points about pH calculations:
- pH: The negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration, measured on a scale from 0 to 14
- pOH: The negative logarithm of the hydroxide ion concentration, related to pH by pH + pOH = 14
- Strong Acids/Bases: Completely dissociate in solution, making pH calculations straightforward
- Weak Acids/Bases: Partially dissociate in solution, requiring Ka or Kb values for pH calculation
- Buffer Solutions: Resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added
Common pH Formulas
Here are some essential formulas for pH calculations:
- pH = -log[H+]
- [H+] = 10^(-pH)
- pOH = -log[OH-]
- pH + pOH = 14 (at 25°C)
- For weak acids: [H+] = √(Ka × concentration)
- Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA])